Women on the Farm

April Sampson

The role of women in the 20th century on the farm varied. On some farms, tasks were clearly delineated — men worked outside and the women cared for the household:

Charlie Costa on his grandmother

“When my grandfather was working on the farm, she would be washing clothes, hauling water, heating the irons on the stove to iron the clothes and taking in washings and doing all that sort of thing.”

Women took care of feeding chickens and gathering eggs. They were responsible for harvest and preservation of vegetables/fruits from the garden.

However, in contrast to this portrayal of a restricted role for women, there is a striking number of images depicting women at work on the farm, driving tractors or wielding tools.

Alice Blossom

“I used to drive horseback to hoist the hay.  I used to top turnips and I used to ride the hay rake. I didn’t cut the hay. We had a vegetable garden. I’d go out and pick peas for lunch. Mother canned a lot of things and we had a lot of cows, sometimes the kittens would come around and you’d squirt the milk. They’d open their mouths and they’d catch it. I got kicked one time doing that. The cow didn’t like me doing that.”

Alice Wordell Sampson

Women have played a special role at the Sampson farm.  Alice Wordell Sampson (born 1877) inherited the farm from her father. This energetic and forward-thinking woman became “the brains of the business,” according to her sons. Facing war-time labor shortages for milking, she transitioned the farm from dairy to potato cultivation. 

Milicent Tuckerman

Milicent Tuckerman was a very successful breeder of thoroughbred horses. She was recognized as New England Thoroughbred breeder of the Year for three years with “Rise Jim”, who held the record as the highest winning horse in New England for many years.

Stella Brightman Lake: Westport’s Feminine Farmer

“Tourists have been amazed to see a woman running a hay rake one day, a kicker another day, and a mower at some other place and have wondered if Westport was a town of feminine farmers. The woman in each case was Stella Lake, who lived south of Hix Bridge Road on the west side of Horseneck Road.”

“She has been hiring out to a number of farmers who are having trouble getting their hay on. After her husband was killed in an accident, she became a “farmerette out of necessity.”

Image: Stella Lake treading down the hay on a wagon

Stella Brightman

Elvira Smith

“There was always a lot of work to be done on the farm. I often worked with my Pa outside, cutting and storing hay, cutting and lugging green feed for the calves and heifers, planting potatoes, and beets, etc.  It was also my job to take the horses and cows to the spring brook for a drink and drive them back to their pasture or to their barn.   If you could not find me out in the fields with my father, you could find me feeding the chickens, collecting their eggs, or shutting them up in their hen coops at night.”

 “Esther, my younger sister, however, worked with my mother in the house cooking, cleaning, and canning, etc.  Esther also did a lot of needlework, and with my mother, made most of our clothes. We were very frugal.  For example we would use the cotton from the flour sacks to make our aprons. I remember that instead of throwing our old sweaters away, we would unravel the yarn, then wash and clean it to take out the wrinkles. I still have two vests that I knitted from old sweaters. My mother had the expression “Use it up, wear it out, make it do, or do without”. We lived by that slogan then and I still do now.”